+86 15898932201Automatic monitoring system for soil and water loss in runoff fields system is specifically designed for long-term field observation, enabling automatic and accurate measurement of key parameters such as runoff and sediment concentration. Powered by mains electricity and equipped with automatic control, the system allows for unattended operation around the clock.
Automatic monitoring system for soil and water loss in runoff fields system is a specialized observation facility designed for scientific research in soil and water conservation and the evaluation of small watershed management effectiveness. Its core mission is to replace traditional manual measurement methods, achieving automated, continuous, and high-precision measurement of surface runoff and its carried sediment, providing a reliable data foundation for quantitative analysis of soil erosion modulus.
The system mainly consists of a runoff monitoring unit, a sediment concentration monitoring unit, a central controller, and a power supply and drainage unit. Runoff monitoring typically employs open channel flow sensors, which measure the flow rate through a standard runoff flume in real time based on principles such as electromagnetic induction or water level-velocity conversion. The controller automatically integrates the flow data to calculate the total runoff volume per runoff event and the instantaneous runoff process curves for different time periods.
Sediment concentration measurement is a key technological aspect of the system. Sensors are developed based on photoelectric sediment measurement technology or the principle of turbid water extinction. The equipment features specific measurement ports positioned vertically to the runoff, enabling real-time acquisition of samples or optical signals from the flowing water. It then rapidly analyzes and calculates the sediment content per unit volume of runoff, i.e., sediment concentration. This data, combined with simultaneously acquired flow data, allows for the calculation of the total sediment transport.
To ensure long-term stable operation, the system primarily uses mains power and is equipped with an automatic pump control module. During periods without rainfall or runoff, the system operates in a low-power standby mode. When rainfall generates runoff, or during periodic self-checks, the controller automatically starts and stops the pump to flush pipelines or prepare for sampling, ensuring unobstructed access to the sensor measurement chambers and pipelines, preventing sediment buildup and blockage, and guaranteeing data consistency and accuracy.
All monitoring data is centrally collected, processed, and stored by the controller and transmitted to a data center via wired or wireless communication modules. Researchers can remotely view real-time data, download historical datasets, and monitor the equipment's operational status through a monitoring platform.
The deployment of this system makes long-term, location-based observation of field runoff fields more efficient and reliable. It can comprehensively record the hydrological and sediment processes generated by each rainfall event, capturing nighttime or sudden rainfall data that is difficult to measure manually. The long-term accumulated continuous dataset is invaluable for studying the runoff and sediment reduction benefits under different land use types and soil and water conservation measures, and for validating soil erosion prediction models.
In practical applications, the sensor range and sampling frequency need to be rationally configured based on the design catchment area, expected maximum runoff volume, and sediment concentration range of the runoff field. Regular on-site maintenance and sensor calibration are crucial to ensuring the long-term quality of monitoring data.
In summary, Automatic monitoring system for soil and water loss in runoff fields, through the integration of automatic measurement and control technologies, has achieved in-situ, continuous, and automatic observation of key parameters of soil and water loss. It greatly improves the accuracy and density of field experimental data, providing solid data support for scientific research on soil and water conservation and the evaluation of ecological construction effectiveness.
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